How should I practice Effective Role Privileges?

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Problem · Graph

Effective Role Privileges

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You are given n roles. Role i has a list of direct privileges privileges[i]. You are also given inheritance relations grants, where each pair [u, v] means role v inherits every privilege from role u.

The inheritance graph is a directed acyclic graph. A role's effective privileges are all privileges from its ancestors plus its own direct privileges.

Return the effective privileges for every role. Remove duplicates within each role and return each role's privilege list in lexicographic order.

Examples

01 · Example 1

privileges = [["A"],["B"],["C"]]
grants = [[0,1],[1,2]]
return = [["A"],["A","B"],["A","B","C"]]

Role 1 inherits role 0, and role 2 inherits both role 1 and role 0 transitively.

02 · Example 2

privileges = [["READ"],["WRITE"],["DEPLOY"],["AUDIT"]]
grants = [[0,2],[1,2],[2,3]]
return = [["READ"],["WRITE"],["DEPLOY","READ","WRITE"],["AUDIT","DEPLOY","READ","WRITE"]]

03 · Example 3

privileges = [["A","A"],["A"],[]]
grants = [[0,1],[1,2]]
return = [["A"],["A"],["A"]]

Constraints

1 <= privileges.length <= 2 * 10^5
0 <= grants.length <= 2 * 10^5
Each grant is a pair [u, v] with 0 <= u, v < privileges.length.
The role inheritance graph is a DAG.
Privilege strings are non-empty tokens without spaces.