How should I practice Trade Volume Leaderboard?

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Trade Volume Leaderboard

Bloomberg LP● HardNEW GRADPHONE SCREENONSITE INTERVIEW

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Problem statement

Process a sequence of company trade-volume operations. The leaderboard starts empty.

["TRADE", company, volume] adds the positive integer volume to that company's cumulative traded volume.
["TOP", k] requests the current top k companies.

For every TOP operation, return one row whose entries have the form "company|cumulativeVolume", ranked by decreasing cumulative volume and then lexicographically by company when volumes tie. Return the query rows in encounter order.

Function

tradeVolumeLeaderboard(operations: String[][]) → String[][]

Examples

Example 1

operations = [["TRADE","MSFT","900"],["TRADE","APPL","300"],["TRADE","GOOG","1000"],["TRADE","APPL","400"],["TRADE","META","200"],["TRADE","BA","500"],["TOP","2"]]return = [["GOOG|1000","MSFT|900"]]

APPL accumulates to 700, but GOOG and MSFT have the two largest totals.

Example 2

operations = [["TRADE","A","5"],["TRADE","B","7"],["TOP","2"],["TRADE","A","4"],["TOP","1"]]return = [["B|7","A|5"],["A|9"]]

The second trade raises A's cumulative volume from 5 to 9.

Example 3

operations = [["TRADE","ZZ","10"],["TRADE","AA","10"],["TRADE","MM","10"],["TOP","3"]]return = [["AA|10","MM|10","ZZ|10"]]

Equal totals are ordered lexicographically by company.

Constraints

1 <= operations.length <= 100000.
Every operation is TRADE or TOP.
company contains between 1 and 10 uppercase English letters.
1 <= volume <= 10^9.
For every query, 1 <= k <= the number of companies seen so far.
Each cumulative volume fits in a signed 64-bit integer.
At least one TOP operation is present.