How should I practice String to Integer (atoi)?

Start by reading the full statement, solve the visible examples, then compare the pattern against related Bloomberg LP phone screen problems in FastPrep.

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String to Integer (atoi)

Bloomberg LP● MediumNEW GRADPHONE SCREEN

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Problem statement

Convert s to a signed 32-bit integer.

Skip leading ASCII space characters.
Read one optional + or - sign.
Consume the longest following prefix of decimal digits. If no digit is consumed, return 0.
Ignore every character after that digit prefix.
Clamp a value below -2^31 to -2^31 and a value above 2^31 - 1 to 2^31 - 1.

Function

stringToInteger(s: String) → int

Examples

Example 1

s = "123"return = 123

All characters belong to the decimal digit prefix.

Example 2

s = "   -042xyz"return = -42

Leading spaces and the negative sign are consumed. Parsing stops before x.

Example 3

s = "91283472332"return = 2147483647

The parsed positive value exceeds the signed 32-bit maximum and is clamped.

Constraints

0 <= s.length <= 200.
s may contain ASCII letters, digits, spaces, signs, and punctuation.